Land-roller



(No Model.)

' G. L OALKIN$. l LAND ROLLER.

No. 334,744. Patented Jan. 26, 1886.

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N. PETERS, Photo-Li llll llllllll shi nnnnnnnn C 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

PATENT GEORGE L. GALKINS, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

LAND-ROLLER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334,744, dated January 26, 1886.

Application filed June 25, 1885. Serial No. 169,786. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE L. CALKINS, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Toledo,

' in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have jug,

invented certain new and useful Improvements in Land-Rollers; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to that class of agricultural implements called land-rollers, for use in crushing clods, to level land after seedand for other purposes; and my said invention consists in certain details of construction and arrangement of the several parts composing the said roller,whereby it may be converted at will either into a rigid or flexible {oller for use upon level or rough and uneven and.

The object of my invention is to form asimple but strong and durable land-roller, that can be adapted, by the simple reversal of a single piece, for use upon either level or uneven and rough land, to accomplish which the roller is composed'of two separate cylinders mounted upon two separatehollow axles, which are secured at their ends into the heads of said cylinders. The outer ends of these axles have short journal-arms, which rest inbearings or boxes secured upon the frame-work surrounding the rollers, and the inner or abutting ends of said axles remain open, and are held in place by a removable reversible coupling or drawbar, so formed that when in one position the roller-cylinders may vibrate upon its journalbearings, and when in the reverse position said roller-cylinders are held rigid and prevented from vibrating.

For a better understanding of the details of my invention reference should be had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a plan, and Fig. 2 a side elevation, of a land-roller constructed according to my invention. .Fig. 3 is a rear view of the same, illustratingthe position of the maehine when the cylinders composing the same are permitted to moveor vibrate independent of each other, one roller being shown in position when passing over a large stone or stump. Fig. 4 is a central sectional plan view through the roller-cylinders and their axles. Fig. 5 is an outer and Fig. 6 an inner view of the and metallic disks or heads of the roller-cylinders.- Fig. 7 is a detached enlarged view of the reversible coupling or draw-bar by which the two roller-cylinders are united together and supported, either rigidly or flexibly, at their abutting ends. Fig. 8 is a view of one of the slats or staves composing the roller-cylinders.

A A A A represent the frame-work of the machine, within which the roller is mounted. This frame-work has a pole, as at B, to which the team is applied to draw the machine, and

instead of mortising each of the pieces A, A,

A", and A into each other, as is usually done, a metal clip, as at O, is employed, through which and the said pieces a bolt, as at 0, passes, thus firmly securing the parts together without weakening the same by cutting. These clips 0 have flanges placed at right angles to each other to receive the ends of the framerails.

The roller is composed of two separate cylinders, D D, mounted upon hollow axles E, whose outer ends are formed into a journalarin, d, which has a bearing in a box, E, secured upon the under side of the side framepieces, A. Each of these cylinders D is composed of two metal heads, D D between which are held a number of stavcs, F, formed with beveled edges and tenoned ends, as shown in Fig. 8. The heads D D of the roller-cylinders are, as before stated, of metal, the outer rim or portion, f, and the central hub, g, being of cast metal united by a series of wrought-metal spokes, h. By this means contraction and expansion of the heads of the roller are permitted, and its easy breakage by sudden jerking or striking stones, &c., is prevented.

Around the inner circumference of the heads D D is formed a groove, as at b, into which are received the tenoned ends 0 of the stavcs F, and at certain intervals holes I) are made through said heads to receivescrews, as at N, by which the heads are held to the stavcs.

Upon the ends of the axles E is a screwthread to receive a nut, g, by which means the two heads of the cylinder are drawn toeach of narrow wooden ICO gether and the several parts of the cylinder united. As before stated, the outer ends of the axles E have journal-arms, which are received in bearings E on therai ls which form the support at these points for the rollercylinders. To unite the inner ends of said axles and form a support for the said rollercylinders-at their abutting ends-that is, at the center of the machine-the following devices are employed:

is adraw-bar of a length sufiicieut to reach from the rail A" to the center of the axle of the rollercylinder. At each end of this bar are secured at right angles therewith short :5 arms H and I, the one, H, being of less diameter as well as somewhat shorter than the one I, for the purposes as will hereinafter appear.

J J are eyebolts passing through the rail A of the frame, having nuts j, by which the draw-bar G is held in place to said frame.

As before stated, the arm I of the draw-bar G is made longer and of larger diameter than the one H, the diameter of said arm I being 2 5 only very slightly less than the internal diameter of the hollow axles E, into which it snugly fits, and the length of said armI is such as to secure a firm bearing within the hollow axles. When, therefore, this said arm is placed in 0 position within the axle of the rollers, the said rollers are held rigid at their inner endsin otherwords, the roller is prevented from vibrating, and is thus converted into a rigid roller. If, on the other hand,the small arm H be placed 5 within the ends of the hollow axle, owing to the said arm being so short and smaller than the hole of the axle, said arm will not have a bearing within said axle sufficient to hold it in place upon said arm. The axle will there- 0 fore have a lateral movement upon the arm H, and the roller, because thereof, will be converted into a flexible one. Of course a corresponding movement must be permitted to the outer ends of the axle of tlie1'ollers,\vhicl1, 5 as illustrated in Fig. 2, is accomplished by making the hole in the boxes for said axle ends of slightly larger diameter than the diameter of the journal-arms d.

K is the seat for the driver, supported at its front upon branch rods K, carrying a footrest, R, and held in place by eyebolts it upon the rail Aof the frame. The rear of the seatis supported upon a notched rod, M, which extends from the seat rearward and passes through an eyebolt, m, upon the rear rail, A, of the frame. By reason of the notched rod M the elevation or depression of the seat is aecomplished, and the foot-rest may also be adjusted upon the branch rods K, said rest simply being held in position by a brace, k, Fig. 2, attached to the bottom of the rest and clamping over said rods K.

To convert the roller from a rigid toa flexibleone, or vice versa, one of the outside boxes, E, is first removed, together with the nuts j, when one of the cylinders may be removed. The draw-bar G is then reversed in position, the eyebolts J placed upon the'rod I or II, as the case may be, their ends run through the holes in the frame A", and again secured by the nuts j. The outer box, E, after being slipped over the end of the axle-arm, is then secured in place by its bolts, which again restores the machine to its normal position.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a land-roller, the roller-cylinder composed of the metallic heads D and D", intermediate narrow staves, F, axle E, hollow at its inner end and formed at its outer end into a j ournal-arm, d, and with screw-threads at each end, and clamping-nuts 9, said stavcs having tenoned ends e, and said heads being each formed with a cast-metal rim and hub, and wrought-metal spokes, and with a circumferential groove to receive the tenoned ends of the staves, as described ,for the purposes specified.

2. The eombiuationfl'n a land-roller composed of two separate cylinders united together, each of which is composed of two metal heads and intermediate wooden staves, of the separate axle E, made hollow at its inner end, and with a journal-arm, d, at its outer end, and with screw-threads at both ends, and clamping-nuts whereby the parts of said roller are secured together and the whole supported in position in its frame, as described, for the purposes specified.

3. In aland-roller, in combination with the roller composed of two separate cylinders mounted upon separate axles having hearings in the frame at their outer ends and hollow at their inner or abutting ends, the draw-bar G, having the bars H and I at its ends, as described, for the purposes specified.

4. In a land-roller, the combination, with the frame of the machine, of the adjustable drivers seat K, supported upon divided rods K, and rear notched bar, M, with the eyebolts k k and m, as described.

5. The combination, in a land-roller, of the frame A A A A B, the roller composed of two: short cylinders, D D, having compound metal heads, intermediate wooden staves, F e, hollow axles E, and clamping-nuts g, and removable draw-bar G, having "the small bar H and large bar I at its ends, as described, for the purposes specified.

GEO. L. OALKINS.

In presence of- Gno. K. DETWILER, VERNEY BEARD. 

